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Perceptions of sexual behaviour and knowledge about sexually transmitted diseases among adolescents in Benin City, Nigeria

TEMIN, Miriam
et al
December 1999

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Article describing research into adolescents' perceptions of sexual behaviour among their peers, their knowledge of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and their preferred means of preventing and treating STDs. It identifies methods that would be helpful in reducing high-risk sexual behaviour and controlling the spread of STDs among young people in Nigeria. These methods incude media campaigns focused on adolescents, educating parents about reproductive health and communication with adolescents, and establishing and training health providers in low-cost diagnosis and treatment techniques

Maintenance and sustained use of insecticide-treated bednets and curtains three years after a controlled trial in western Kenya

KACHUR, S Patrick
et al
November 1999

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While few questions remain about the efficacy of insecticide-treated materials (ITM) intervention, operational issues around how to implement and sustain ITM projects need attention. This article describes a study of the results of a small-scale ITM intervention trial, 3 years after the project ended, to assess how local attitudes and practices had changed

Mapping the contours of effective programming : The Effectiveness Initiative 1999-2002 [whole issue]

October 1999

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This edition is about trying two share two new things: first, sharing a process that Bernard van Leer are currently engaged in, as it is happening, in the hope that this, in turn, will encourage readers to react and contribute toward the further formation of the Effectiveness Initiative (EI). Second, presents material in a special edition of ECM with the Coordinator's Notebook (CN). In recognition of the collaboration and dialogue built into the EI, decision was taken to join forces in this initial publication to reach out to both the Early Childhood Matters and Coordinators' Notebook audiences

Incidence of malaria among children living near dams in northern Ethiopia : community based incidence survey

GHEBREYESUS, Tedros A
et al
September 1999

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Describes a study to assess the impact of the construction of microdams on the incidence of malaria in nearby communities in terms of possibly increasing peak incidence and prolonging transmission. Found that overall incidence of malaria for the villages close to the dams was 14.0 episodes per 1000 child months at risk compared with 1.9 in the control villages: a sevenfold ratio. Incidence was significantly higher in both communities at altitudes below 1900 m. Concludes that there is a need for attention to be given to health issues in the implementation of ecological and environmental development programmes, specifically for appropriate malaria control measures to counteract the increased risks near these dams

Agricultural information sources

CARTER, Isabel
September 1999

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The research explored information sources used and preferred by grassroots farmers. Agriculture was selected because there is even less printed material available for farmers than, for example, for health workers. There was a particular interest in discovering the views of farmers about their access to and use of printed information. This is a summary of DFID Education Research paper no 31 (see related record)

Insecticide-treated curtains reduce the prevalence and intensity of malaria infection in Burkina Faso

HABLUETZEL, A
et al
August 1999

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Describes a large, randomized controlled trial to investigate the impact of insecticide-treated curtains (ITC) on child mortality that was conducted in an area of seasonal, holoendemic malaria in Burkina Faso. Concludes that widespread implementation of ITC in this area of high malaria transmission led to a modest reduction in the prevalence of malaria infection and to a more substantial reduction in the intensity of these infections which caused increased Hb levels

The policy process : an overview

SUTTON, Rebecca
August 1999

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The paper offers an introduction to analysis of the policy process. It identifies and describes theoretical approaches in political science, sociology, anthropology, international relations and management. It then reviews five cross-cutting themes: a) the dichotomy between policy-making and implementation; b) the management of change, c) the role of interest groups in the policy process; d) ownership of the policy process; and e) the narrowing of policy alternatives. The paper concludes with a 21-point check-list of 'what makes policy happen'. A glossary of key terms is also provided. The key argument of the paper is that a 'linear model' of policy-making, characterised by objective analysis of options and separation of policy from implementation, is inadequate. Instead, policy and policy implementation are best understood as a 'chaos of purposes and accidents'. A combination of concepts and tools from different disciplines can be deployed to put some order into the chaos, including policy narratives, policy communities, discourse analysis, regime theory, change management, and the role of street-level bureaucrats in implementation

Strategic planning : an inquiry approach

NUTI, Paul
August 1999

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 “This user-friendly workbook is a step-by-step guide for administrators and managers of non-governmental organizations conducting programs in developing countries to define and develop their organizational mission statements, identify programmatic priorities and areas of focus, make effective use of resources, maximize opportunities and minimize obstacles, and market themselves to potential funders. The goal of this workbook is to make strategic planning a more accessible and enjoyable undertaking for organizations”

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