The purpose of this study is to make a series of recommendations on how to scale up effective, sustainable community mobilization and capacity-building interventions to mitigate the effects of AIDS on children and families in the countries most seriously affected by the pandemic. Recommendations for change are made in two main areas: programmatic methods and approaches; and global, regional, and national efforts to develop and implement effective strategies. The overall conclusion is that to maximize expansion of programming and to keep it effective, it is important that scaling-up programmes support existing scaling-out activities of implementers and promote and build on community-owned initiatives