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Children in Bulgaria : growing impoverishment and unequal opportunities

GANTCHEVA, Roumania
KOLEV, Alexandre
January 2001

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This paper investigates the changes that have occurred over the last decade in three dimensions of child welfare recognised as fundamental child rights - economic well-being, health and education. Then it concentrates on particularly vulnerable groups of children - those born of teenage and single mothers and those living in institutions. The data show that the human cost of economic transition has been high and children have been among the most vulnerable groups of the society

Information communication technologies, poverty and empowerment

SKUSE, Andrew
2001

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Provides a framework for pro-poor ICT based initiatives, in the context of globalisation and the rights to information and freedom of expression. Discusses 'old' versus new and emerging ICTs, concluding that the lure of technological and infrastructural solutions has tended to divert attention away from ICTs that poor people actually use - but that the convergence of old and new ICT presents opportunities. Suggests that donors should support the private sector and governments in developing pro-poor strategies. Advocates careful strategic planning and judicious use of appropriate media in every communications initiative

The wrong model : GATS, trade liberalisation and children's right to health

HILARY, John
2001

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This report examines the global policy context behind the child health crisis. In particular, it looks at the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) and the World Trade Organisation's drive to increase international trade in services such as water and health care. The analysis presented suggests that this is the wrong model to follow if countries wish to develop strong public health systems for all people

Into the new millennium : Inclusion International's millennium development goals

INCLUSION INTERNATIONAL
2001

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This paper provides an overview of Inclusion International’s priorities in the following areas: education, poverty reduction, children's rights, maternal and infant health care, ethical medical research and human rights. It provides a realistic snapshot of the current situation facing people with disabilities. Inclusion International’s millennium development goals (MDGs) mirror those of the UN to link efforts and achieve results for people with intellectual disabilities and their families. Inclusion International’s MDGs provide an agenda for inclusive policy and programming in education, maternal and child health, poverty reduction, human rights, gender equality, HIV/AIDS and global partnership which is substantiated by clear targets that they are committed to working towards by the year 2015

Declaration of commitment on HIV/AIDS : "Global Crisis-Global Action"

UNTED NATIONS GENERAL ASSEMBLY (UNGASS)
2001

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The declaration notes the scale of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, which constitutes a global emergency, and reaffirms previous commitments on HIV/AIDS made through other declarations. It stresses the need for strong leadership at all levels of society as essential for an effective response. It also suggests that prevention is the mainstay of the response, with care, support and treatment as fundamental elements. The realisation of human rights and fundamental freedoms for all is declared necessary to reduce vulnerability to HIV/AIDS. Empowering people, especially women, is essential to reducing vulnerability. Children and children orphaned by AIDS are also mentioned. Investing in sustainable development and national poverty alleviation strategies to address the impact is vital, as is research and development

Education for all and children who are excluded

BERNARD, Anne
2001

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This thematic study was produced in preparation for the World Education Forum on education for all held in Dakar in Senegal in 2000. The final product was published in 2001 following the Forum. Millions of children are excluded from education through poverty, disability, ethnic difference and gender issues. Two thirds of the 130 million million primary school age children not in school are girls. This report discusses education at all levels from early childhood development through to primary school and secondary school with respect to the most vulnerable groups: girls, children in war, indigenous children, children with disabilities and children with HIV/AIDS. It looks at lessons from good practice and debates the way forward for a more inclusive approach. It is aimed at policy makers and programme makers

Effective learning issues for indigenous children aged 0 - 8 years

MINISTERIAL COUNCIL ON EDUCATION, EMPLOYMENT, TRAINING AND YOUTH AFFAIRS
2001

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This is a discussion paper by the Taskforce on Indigenous Education within the Ministerial Council on Education, Employment, Training and Youth Affairs in Australia. It focuses on the age group 0-8 years, looking at cultural inclusivity within early childhood education in Australia. It summarises advice on early childhood service provision and access, development and learning stages, cultural and linguistic diversity, literacy and numeracy, and the importance of mutual community capacity building. It identifies five issues that affect Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islands children. These are: (i) low levels of access and participation in early childhood education and parental enrichment programmes, (ii) uneven transition from early childhood practices to the primrary school curriculum, (iii) educators needs a better understanding of children's diversity of experience and diverse cultural capital, (iv) educators need a better understanding of how the literacy and numeracy development of children takes place amonst idigenous multi-linguals and (v) educators and parents need to acquire ' transitional cultural comptenencies' to create sense of community between the home and school.

Creating space for children's participation : planning with street children in Yangon, Myanmar

DORNING, Karl
O'SHAUGHNESSY, Tim
2001

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This paper is about a two-week empowerment evaluation that took place in April 2001 with World Vision's Street Children and Working Children Program (SWC), which is based in Yangon, Myanmar. The process allowed the children to be the primary evaluators. They spent time interviewing various stakeholders in the programme and analysed the information gathered. The evaluation described in this report was an experience that had a great impact on all involved. It brought about a fundamental shift in the way project staff viewed the children and, equally importantly, in the way the children viewed themselves

HIV/AIDS and human rights : young people in action. A kit of ideas for youth organizations

UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANISATION (UNESCO)
THE JOINT UNITED NATIONS PROGRAM ON HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS)
2001

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This kit presents ideas for youth action on human rights and HIV/AIDS. It consists of four booklets, which cover: basics to get started, public education and peer education, advocacy at local, national and international levels, and care and support issues, as well as a glossary

Universal declaration on cultural diversity

UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION
2001

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This Declaration supports cultural diversity, cultural rights and the role of culture in development - as a key component of human rights. It states that "All persons have [...] the right to express themselves and to create and disseminate their work in the language of their choice, and particularly in their mother tongue; all persons are entitled to quality education and training that fully respect their cultural identity; and all persons have the right to participate in the cultural life of their choice and conduct their own cultural practices, subject to respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms"

Mainstreaming gender in disability and rehabilitation : a development perspective

REHMAN, Gulshun
2001

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"Part I of the paper asserts the links between disability and human rights by highlighting the relationship between disability, gender and development by examining the ways in which poverty, environmental factors and gender issues determine access to health services by physically impaired women, men and young people in South Asia...In Part II of the paper the case study of a community hospital in Bangladesh specialising in the provision of medical care and rehabilitation services for paralysed women, men and children is used as a basis to examine the extent to which a unique and specialised service was able to meet the gender needs of its patients...Overall, the paper recommends that strategies to mainstream disability within a good governance policy objective at the global and national levels is essential if the relationship between disability rights and human rights is to be honoured and respected"

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