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Implementing knowledge strategies : lessons from international development agencies

RAMALINGAM, Ben
April 2005

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This study synthesises existing research on knowledge and learning in the development sector, and draws out eight key questions for examining related strategies and systems in development agencies. Together, these questions make up a comprehensive Knowledge Strategies Framework, which brings together four 'dimensions': organisational knowledge, organisational links, organisational contexts, and external factors. The study then presents the analysis of data collected on current knowledge and learning practices in 13 selected case study organisations. It finds that organisational learning is most effective where it is defined and understood, and where it is linked to ongoing processes. It sets out questions and considerations for further investigation

The how and why of advocacy

LANEY, Megan Lloyd
SCOBIE, Jane
FRASER, Alastair
March 2005

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This information was collected for an introduction to advocacy training course. It looks at what, why and where to start and includes sessions on participatory advocacy, and monitoring and evaluation

Organisational learning in NGOs : creating the motive, means and opportunity

BRITTON, Bruce
March 2005

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This paper explores the importance of organisational learning in NGOs drawing on examples gathered from interviews mainly with Northern NGO staff and from an extensive review of the literature. It examines NGOs' need to provide the motive, means and opportunity for organisational learning, introduces practical examples of how pioneering NGOs are doing this and suggests ways to combine these elements in planned and emergent organisational strategies for learning. The paper concludes that, although much has been written on the conceptual frameworks for organisational learning and knowledge management, learning and knowledge management are understood differently across cultures and contexts and that most current models are based on a Western understanding, presenting concerns about how to translate these theories into practice. There is therefore a need to engage with capacity building practitioners to explore innovative approaches which are relevant, appropriate and accessible across a wide range of cultures and contexts

 

Praxis Paper No. 3

A client-centered approach to reproductive health : a trainer's manual

POPULATION COUNCIL
February 2005

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'The Population Council has developed a novel framework for training providers to deliver client-centered reproductive health services. The essence of the approach is to bring about behaviour change in providers by making them more receptive and responsive to client needs. Further, providers are taught to treat clients with respect and dignity, to assess their reproductive health needs holistically within the context of their household circumstances, and to negotiate solutions that clients are able to implement. Known by the acronym SAHR, this approach involves four interconnected steps: Salutation, Assessment, Help, and Reassurance. Through operations research, SAHR was successfully tested in Pakistan in 2000-02. The training manual describes the SAHR approach and is meant to facilitate training of reproductive health providers in how to offer client-centered services. The manual is written in fairly generic terms and can be used, with slight modifications, in any setting or country. The manual has three sections. Section One, the introduction, is an overview of the contents. Section Two, the trainer's guide, comprises the training modules. Each module describes the individual components of client-provider interaction and includes learning objectives, key learning points, a schedule, and a list of materials required. Trainer notes and step-by-step instructions for each activity are included within each module. Section Three contains support materials to help trainers prepare for the sessions.'

Rising to the challenges : assessing the impacts of organisational capacity building

HAILEY, John
JAMES, Rick
WRIGLEY, Rebecca
February 2005

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This paper “offers a brief overview of current thinking and practice in relation to the impact assessment of organisational capacity building interventions. The paper highlights some of the conceptual, methodological and practical challenges (issues of clarity, power and culture, among others) and then goes on to provide an overview of some of the practical approaches that have been adopted by NGOs and CSOs to overcome these challenges.   A ‘thought piece’ designed to engage practitioners (particularly those from developing and transitional countries) in a fruitful debate, it identifies the key challenges towards which INTRAC could most usefully focus its future efforts. These include the need to improve understanding of the particular characteristics of the impact assessment of organisational capacity building and to generate and document innovative, adaptable and accessible approaches. A final challenge is to consider how to raise the profile of impact assessment for organisational capacity building practitioners, so that it is viewed as a vital tool to assist organisational learning, rather than a time-consuming and costly burden”

Praxis Paper n°2

Developing participatory rural appraisal approaches with disabled people : a pilot project by Disability Development Services Pursat (DDSP) in Pursat province, Cambodia

HARKNETT, Steve
et al
2005

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This report documents a participatory rural appraisal research project carried out in rural Cambodia. The project was carried out by a team of uneducated, inexperienced, rural disabled people who first had to gain an understanding of the principles and tools of participatory research. The team then planned and carried out three village PRAs, and analysed the results, which were then fed into the planning of CBR activities in those villages. Lessons were learned about how to train rural disabled people in PRA, what research methods were most appropriate, and how disabled people's participation could be maximised

The memory work trainer's manual : supporting families affected by HIV and AIDS

HEALTHLINK WORLDWIDE
NATIONAL COMMUNITY OF WOMEN LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS IN UGANDA (NACWOLA)
2005

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This manual guides trainers through a course to support parents, guardians and carers affected by HIV and AIDS, by helping them to share information, hopes and fears with their children; strengthen each child's sense of identity and belonging; plan for the future care of their children. The course is designed to be delivered to: parents and other family members living with HIV and AIDS; future guardians of children affected by HIV and AIDS; community workers and volunteers working with children and families affected by HIV and AIDS. The manual draws significantly on the experiences and ideas of NACWOLA trainers and trainees, as well as those of Healthlink Worldwide and others. The course consists of 12 modules, covering child development, parenting, communication between parents, carers, guardians and children, HIV status disclosure, coping with separation, loss and grief, planning for children's future, involving children in planning, preparation for new care arrangements, making a memory book, and related legal aspects

A tool for sharing internal best practices

D'ADAMO, Margaret
KOLS, Adrienne
Eds
2005

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This publication is aimed at organisations willing to develop and implement effective mechanisms for strengthening organisational learning and sharing good practices internally. Includes a step-by-step process to help identify success stories, validate and document best practices, develop a strategic plan and adapt and apply best practices. It also presents three case studies of organisations that have attempted to share best practices, highlighting lessons learnt, problems encountered, and achievements. Includes a list of useful resources

Improve your exhibiting skills : a training guide (IYES)

INTERNATIONAL LABOUR OFFICE (ILO)
2005

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This guide aims to enhance the contribution of women entrepreneurs in creating meaningful and sustainable employment opportunities and ultimately in reducing poverty. It provides practical topic related sessions and handouts to support women’s business development and entrepreneurship. It would be useful for people interested in women's entrepreneurship

Knowledge sharing toolkit : an evolving collection of practical knowledge sharing techniques

FAUL, Mark
CAMACHO, Kemly
December 2004

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This draft toolkit includes descriptions of four knowledge sharing techniques, and may soon expand to include more. The techniques described are after action reviews, retrospects, peer assists, and online communities. A brief section is devoted to each, including a short description of the technique, the benefits, a step-by-step guide to applying it, tips and cautions, a brief example, and some further resources

Learning from difference : understanding community initiatives to improve access to education

EENET
August 2004

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This CD-ROM holds guidelines for an action research project carried out by teachers in Zambia and Tanzania and external facilitators. The guidelines are aimed at people who want to adapt the process for their own communities, and are supplemented with videoclips and links to further information and useful examples. The aim of the research was to encourage teachers to articulate their experience in inclusive education by developing written accounts that could be shared with other countries of the South. The accounts, guides and examples are useful training materials and serve as a stimulus for further reflection

Mainstreaming HIV/AIDS in development and humanitarian programmes

HOLDEN, Sue
July 2004

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This book deals with the need to adapt mainstream development and humanitarian work to address the problem of HIV and AIDS. It explains the concept of 'mainstreaming' HIV/AIDS in simple language, with practical guidelines for applying the approach in a wide range of sectors. The author's previous book, 'AIDS on the Agenda: Adapting Development and Humanitarian Programmes to Meet the Challenge of HIV/AIDS', made the case for mainstreaming, using both theoretical discussion and experiences from the field. She has now adapted that work to produce this shorter and simpler book, to make the idea and practice of mainstreaming more accessible to those who actually do development and humanitarian work, as well as those who manage and fund it

Clinical management of rape survivors : developing protocols for use with refugees and internally displaced persons

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO)
June 2004

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"This guide describes best practices for clinical management of people who have been raped in emergency situations. It is intended for adaptation to each situation, taking into account national policies and practices, and availability of materials and drugs. This guide is intended for use by qualified health-care providers in developing protocols for the management of rape survivors in emergencies, taking into account available resources, materials, and drugs, and national policies and procedures. It can also be used in planning health-care services and training health-care providers. The document includes detailed guidance on the clinical management of women, men and children who have been raped"

Mapping workshop manual : finding your way through life, society and HIV

ALEMELEH, Colin
et al
March 2004

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This manual was developed through the Memory Box Project, and some of the mapping exercises presented here draw on the tradition of 'memory work'. However, it reflects a shift in emphasis from bereavement and succession planning to positive living in the context of greater availability of antiretroviral therapy, and with people living with HIV/AIDS now having the opportunity to live longer, more productive lives. The mapping exercises described in this manual are designed to encourage empowerment and understanding of available opportunities, identify key components of an enabling environment and promote positive living. Tools presented include journey mapping, body mapping and memory box

HIV/AIDS care and treatment : a clinical course for people caring for people living with HIV/AIDS [participant manual]

IMPLEMENTING AIDS PREVENTION AND CARE PROJECT (IMPACT)
2004

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The "HIV/AIDS Care and Treatment Participant Guide" presents new knowledge and skills for delivering and organising clinical care and treatment services for people living with HIV/AIDS. The course is divided into 7 modules covering HIV prevention and care issues; managing patients with HIV related diseases; managing women and children with HIV; antiretroviral therapy; supporting people with HIV/AIDS; managing patients on antiretroviral treatment; and TB, women, children and post-exposure prophylaxis. A facilitator's guide accompanies this manual

HIV/AIDS care and treatment : a clinical course for people caring for people living with HIV/AIDS [facilitator's guide]

IMPLEMENTING AIDS PREVENTION AND CARE PROJECT (IMPACT)
2004

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The "HIV/AIDS Care and Treatment Participant Guide" presents new knowledge and skills for delivering and organising clinical care and treatment services for people living with HIV/AIDS. The course is divided into 7 modules covering HIV prevention and care issues; managing poatients with HIV related diseases; managing women and children with HIV; antiretroviral therapy; supporting people with HIV/AIDS; managing patients on antiretroviral treatment; and TB, women, children and post-exposure prophylaxis. A participant manual accompanies this manual

Helping children who are deaf : family and community support for children who do not hear well

NIEMANN, Sandy
GREENSTEIN, Devorah
DAVID, Darlena
2004

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This book was written primarily for parents and other caregivers of young children. It provides a wealth of well-illustrated practical information. The book gives a thorough overview of the different ways to communicate with hearing impaired children. It is written in an easy-to-read style with lots of illustrations and examples from Southern countries.

VCT toolkit : HIV voluntary counselling and testing. A reference guide for counsellors and trainers

SANGIWA, Gloria
et al
January 2004

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This reference guide was developed for trainers, counselors in training, and working counselors, to highlight the links between VCT and HIV/AIDS prevention, care, and support. It provides teaching methodologies, including demonstrations, role-playing, supervised practice, desensitization, and negotiating skills. It also contains worksheets and checklists for practical sessions, and texts for demonstrations and exercises to be conducted during the training courses. Chapters focus on counselling strategies, physical and psychological care, counselling for specific groups, grief and bereavement, counsellor stress and burnout, monitoring and quality assurance, and ethics. The guide outlines key activities related to training in (and provision of) VCT services

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