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Meeting the HIV/AIDS challenge to food secutiry : the role of labour saving technologies in farm-households

DU GUERNAY, Jacques
December 2002

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The paper focuses on the various types and levels of constraints faced by farm-households as a production and reproduction system within a farming system. These constraints include time and energy limitations created by HIV/AIDS provoked shortages. The paper highlights the contributions various labour saving technologies (LSTs) could provide while also stressing the conditions, including gender ones, which have to be met in order to introduce LSTs successfully. LSTs are a partial solution to HIV/AIDS problems, but also represent a challenge to the way agriculture is practiced and to common policies in both agriculture and HIV/AIDS. The focus on LSTs is a fertile field for cooperation between sectors, between public and private institutions, North-South and South-South

Transport [whole issue]

PARSLEY, Linda
Ed
November 2002

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Issue 15 of the newsletter of the DFID funded Knowledge and Research Infrastructure and Urban Development programme. It provides information on the activities taking place as part of the programme, and references to recent publications, including reports, papers and books

Communities facing the HIV/AIDS challenge : from crisis to opportunity, from community vulnerability to community resilience

HSU, Lee-Nah
DU GUERNAY, Jacques
MARCO, Marissa
July 2002

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Rural households are managing as best they can in a rapidly changing and often threatening world which makes them vulnerable to the risk of HIV infection and ill equipped to cope with the effects of AIDS. Their chances of managing can be improved if they function in a supportive environment. However, in many cases this supportive environment does not exist and communities have to build their own resilience if they are to prove effective allies for rural households. Despite the difficulties of such a task, as shown in this paper, it is feasible. Certain conditions have to be met and pitfalls avoided in order to set up processes leading to sustainability and benefit all households as stakeholders. Such awareness is important for the communities themselves, but also for those providing outside assistance in order to trigger the building of community resilience and sustainability for all households, including in HIV/AIDS prevention and mitigation. This paper also reviews from a South East Asian perspective some of the lessons to be drawn from the global and African experiences and highlights some of the specificities and challenges of the region

Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Asia : a practical guidance for programs

PREBLE, Elizabeth A
PIWOZ, Ellen G
June 2002

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This paper focuses on mother to child transmission of HIV in the five most affected countries in Asia -- Cambodia, China, India, Myanmar, and Thailand. The technical background and lessons learned, however, are relevant for the rest of the region. It discusses risk factors, issues of diagnosis and treatment of pediatric AIDS and experiences of prevention in Asia and elsewhere. In particular it looks at issues of: comprehensive maternal and child health (MCH) services; voluntary counselling and testing (VCT); antiretroviral (ARV) prophylaxis; counselling and support for safe infant feeding; optimal obstetric practices. This document is intended as a technical resource and a basis for discussion and it is aimed at governments, NGOs and other stakeholders working in HIV prevention in Asia

Edutainment for development and sexual health [whole issue]

2002

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This issue of Sexual Health Exchange includes articles on performance art / theatre for development projects in 12 countries. The diverse projects described tend to focus on social change as well as behaviour change communications, and range from peer education projects to edu-clowns to mass-media soap operas

Effective drug regulation : a multicountry study

RATANAWIJITRASIN, Sauwakon
WONDEMAGEGNEHU, Eshetu
2002

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This publication presents a synthesis of studies on drug regulation carried out in ten countries: Australia, Cuba, Cyprus, Estonia, Malaysia, the Netherlands, Tunisia, Uganda, Venezuela, and Zimbabwe in 1998-1999. It gives an overview of the development of drug regulation in these countries as well as the resources available and the strategies applied in drug regulation implementation at the time the studies were conducted. An analysis of the strengths and weaknesses in drug regulation in these countries is also provided

Country health information profiles (CHIPS) : 2002

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO). WPRO
2002

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Each of the profiles contains data on a country's health and demographic conditions, health indicators and trends, and health care system. The data are either supplied by the country's respective health ministries or compiled from national databases and reference libraries

Globalisation guide

AUSTRALIAN ASIA PACIFIC ECONOMIC COOPERATION (APEC) STUDY CENTRE
2002

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The Globalisation Guide is a resource for students, presenting the arguments of both those who believe globalisation is a force for good and those who believe it is a force for evil. The Australian Apec Study Centre believes it is a force for good, based on the experience of the countries in the Asia-Pacific, where the freeing of trade and integration of economies has brought improvement in prosperity. However, globalisation is a product of capitalism, which undeniably produces losers as well as winners. The development of capitalism will inevitably generate controversy. The guide looks at both sides of the argument, and tries to answer key questions like what is globalisation and when did it start; who are the key players; how does globalisation affect culture; is there an alternative. The guide also provides links to dozens of other websites both pro and anti globalisation

Masters of their own development? : PRSPs and the prospects for the poor

WHAITES, Alan
2002

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This book examines the PRSP approach, drawing on four country studies and secondary information. It identifies 18 areas for improvement, grouped around issues of process, content and resources. It also considers four contextual problems that pose a challenge to the success of PRSPs. Overall its tone is constructive and positive, and it notes some notable achievements for which PRSPs can take credit

Reproductive rights and women with disabilities : a human rights framework

CENTER FOR REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS
January 2002

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This paper advocates that international human rights law be used to promote and protect the reproductive rights and needs of women with disabilities. In addition, this work examines the correlation between the following key areas: the right to equality, non-discrimination, reproductive health, physical integrity, and the right to marry. This work also features country based examples, addressing abuses that occur in China and Australia. This work would be useful for anyone with an interest in human/women's rights, reproductive rights and disability

Official, unofficial and informal fees for health care

KILLINGSWORTH, James R.
2002

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This discussion note re-explores the distinction between official, unofficial and informal fees to health workers and argues that unofficial and informal fees should be separated from official and formal fees. In considering these points, examples from reports about China, Bangladesh, and Central Asia/East Europe and the former Soviet Union are summarised and analysed

Child poverty in Vietnam : using adult equivalence scales to estimate income-poverty for different age groups

WHITE, Howard
MASSET, Edoardo
2002

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This paper ..."begins by reviewing different approaches to estimating child expenditure, arguing that one based on equivalence scales is the only defensible approach. Part 3 explains the theory behind the two most commonly used approaches, the method of empirical estimation and how these estimates are used to calculate child poverty. Part 4 applies the method to the case of Vietnam, and Part 5 concludes"

Training and skill acquisition in the informal sector : a literature review

LIIMATAINEN, Marjo-Riittaa
2002

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This study is a collection of literature surveys and case studies that presents experiences related to skills development in informal economies, focusing on developing and transition countries from the 1990s. It provides information about the informal sector, training and skills development, and related policies issues. It examines the impact of skills training on employment, incomes and working conditions. It is would be useful for policy makers and practitioners interested in training and skill acquisition in the informal sector

Identifying disability issues related to poverty reduction : Philippines country study

FOUNDATION FOR INTERNATIONAL TRAINING
2002

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This country report describes the situation of disabled people in the Philippines. It gives an overview about the country, reviews the legislation, describes disability organisations and development agencies and lays out the results of a participatory programme. In addition to this, the report analyses the connections between disability and poverty by reviewing the current programmes and showing the gaps. The recommendations of the report urge to pay special attention to activities in the fields of inclusion, participation, access and quality

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